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1990-02-12
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+!
╒╙┴╟┼: ![OPTION]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ! IS THE HISTORY SUBSTITUTION PREFIX. ╔T IS USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH
THE ╚╔╙╘╧╥┘ COMMAND TO RECALL PREVIOUS COMMANDS. ╓ARIATIONS:
!! REPEATS THE PREVIOUS COMMAND
!!:P PRINTS THE PREVIOUS COMMAND
!* APPEND ALL THE ARGUMENTS FROM THE PREVIOUS COMMAND
!^ APPEND THE FIRST ARGUMENT FROM THE PREVIOUS COMMAND
!$ APPEND THE LAST ARGUMENT FROM THE PREVIOUS COMMAND
!:N APPEND THE N'TH ARGUMENT (N=1-9) FROM THE PREVIOUS COMMAND
!N REPEATS THE N'TH COMMAND OF YOUR SESSION
!-N REPEATS THE COMMAND ISSUED N TIMES AGO
!WORD REPEATS THE COMMAND THAT STARTS WITH 'WORD'
!?WORD REPEATS THE COMMAND THAT CONTAINS THE STRING 'WORD'
╬OTE THAT WITH !! YOU CAN ADD ARGUMENTS, FOR EXAMPLE:
% LS
% !! -╞ = LS -╞
+.!.
╒╙┴╟┼: % .!.
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╙HOW ╒NIX 128 CREDITS.
+<
╒╙┴╟┼: % [COMMAND] < [FILE]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╘AKE INPUT FROM A DISK FILE. ╘HIS COMMAND IS USUALLY UNNECESSARY,
SINCE MOST COMMANDS ALREADY TAKE FILE ARGUMENTS. ╙EE >
+>
╒╙┴╟┼: % [COMMAND] > [FILE]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╥E-ROUTE OUTPUT TO A DISK FILE. ┴ COMMAND SUCH AS ╠╙ >╞╔╠┼ WILL SHOW
THE DIRECTORY AND COPY THE SCREEN OUTPUT TO THE SEQUENTIAL FILE ╞╔╠┼.
'>>' CAN BE USED IN PLACE OF '>' TO APPEND THE DATA TO THE FILE INSTEAD OF
OVERWRITING IT (THE FILE TO APPEND TO MUST FIRST EXIST).
+@
╒╙┴╟┼: % @[DOS COMMAND]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╔SSUE A STANDARD ├OMMODORE ─╧╙ COMMAND (EXAMPLES: @I0 WILL
INITIALIZE DRIVE 0; @S0:TEXT WILL DELETE THE FILE 'TEXT')
╬╧╘┼: ─ISK COMMANDS ISSUED IN THIS FASHION WILL ╬╧╘ UPDATE ╒NIX 128'S INTERNAL
DIRECTORIES; 'FSCK' MUST BE PERFORMED.
+┴──╒╙┼╥
╒╙┴╟┼: % ADDUSER
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: (╥EQUIRES ROOT PRIVILEGE) ┴DD A NEW USER TO THE PASSWORD FILE.
┼NTER THE USER'S USERNAME, PASSWORD, PRIVILEGE (1=SUPERUSER/FULL ACCESS,
2=USER/RESTRICTED ACCESS), AND HOME DIRECTORY (THE DIRECTORY MUST EXIST FIRST,
'ROOT' (/) IS THE DEFAULT). ╬╧╘┼: ╟IVING A USER SUPERUSER PRIVELEGE ALLOWS
TOTALLY UNRESTRICTED ACCESS TO ANY FILE.
+┴╠╔┴╙
╒╙┴╟┼: % ALIAS [ NAME [DEF] ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ┴SSIGN DEF TO THE ALIAS NAME. DEF IS A LIST OF WORDS THAT WILL
REPLACE THE NAME ON THE COMMAND LINE. ╔F DEF IS OMITTED, THE ALIAS NAME IS
DISPLAYED ALONG WITH ITS CURRENT DEFINITION. ╔F BOTH NAME AND DEF ARE OMITTED,
ALL ALIASES ARE DISPLAYED. ╙EE UNALIAS.
+┴╠╠╧├
╒╙┴╟┼: % ALLOC
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╙HOW THE CURRENT MEMORY ALLOCATED, FREE VARIABLE MEMORY, FREE PROGRAM
MEMORY, AND EXPANDED (╥┼╒) MEMORY.
+┴╨╥╧╨╧╙
╒╙┴╟┼: % APROPOS [ PHRASE ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╨ERFORM A KEYWORD SEARCH FOR A PHRASE IN THE MANUAL, AND LIST THE
MANUAL PAGES AND LINES ON WHICH THE COMMAND IS FOUND.
+┴╙
╒╙┴╟┼: % AS (OPTION) (FILENAME)
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╘HIS IS THE 8510 (6502) ASSEMBLER/MACHINE LANGUAGE MONITOR
/DISASSEMBLER FOR THE ╒NIX 128 SYSTEM. ╘O COMPILE ASSEMBLER SOURCE CODE,
TYPE '% AS FILENAME'. ╘HE ASSEMBLER WILL FIRST PARSE THE CODE AND WRITE
'FILENAME.O' (AN 8510 SOURCE FILE). ╔T WILL THEN COMPILE THE CODE INTO A
BINARY FILE (CALLED 'A.OUT') AND RETURN TO THE SYSTEM PROMPT. ╘HE OPTIONS
ARE AS FOLLOWS:
% AS -H VIEW THE COMMAND REFERENCE / HELP SCREEN.
% AS -V BEGIN END VIEW MEMORY FROM BEGIN ADDRESS TO END ADDRESS.
% AS -D BEGIN END DISASSEMBLE MEMORY FROM BEGIN ADDRESS TO END ADDRESS.
% AS FILENAME COMPILE ASSEMBLER SOURCE CODE FILE 'FILENAME'.
+┬┴╬╬┼╥
╒╙┴╟┼: % BANNER [ STRING ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: BANNER PRINTS THE GIVEN STRING IN LARGE CAPITAL LETTERS ON THE
STANDARD OUTPUT DEVICE (I.E. TO BE USEFUL, USE BANNER STRING ⌐ LPR).
BANNER KNOWS HOW TO PRINT ONLY CAPITAL LETTERS, NUMBERS, AND SOME PUNCTUATION
MARKS (!.*=).
+┬┴╙╔├
╒╙┴╟┼: % BASIC
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╘HE ┬┴╙╔├ UTILITY ALLOWS THE CONVERSION OF ╙┼╤ EDITOR FILES TO
├OMMODORE ┬┴╙╔├ 2.0/7.0. ╘HIS FEATURE ALLOWS THE PROGRAMMER TO USE EMACS TO
WRITE ┬┴╙╔├ CODE, INSTEAD OF USING THE STANDARD SCREEN EDITOR.
+┬─╔╞╞
╒╙┴╟┼: % BDIFF (-T OR -B) [ FILE1 ] [ FILE2 ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ─ISPLAY THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN TWO LARGE FILES. -T SPECIFIES A
TEXT COMPARISION, AND -B SPECIFIES A BINARY COMPARISION. -T IS THE DEFAULT.
+┬╥╧╫╙┼
╒╙┴╟┼: % BROWSE ( COMMAND )
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ┼NTER THE INTERACTIVE MANUAL BROWSER, AND LOOKUP THE COMMAND
SPECIFIED, IF APPLICABLE. ╘HE BROWSER IS AN EXTENSION OF THE MAN COMMAND
USEFUL IN LEARNING THE COMMANDS USED IN ╒NIX 128.
+├┴╠
╒╙┴╟┼: % CAL [ MONTH ] [ YEAR ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: CAL DISPLAYS A CALENDAR FOR THE SPECIFIED MONTH AND YEAR. YEAR CAN
BE BETWEEN 1905 AND 2300. MONTH IS BETWEEN 1 AND 12. CAL REQUIRES BOTH
ARGUMENTS, WHICH MUST BE NUMERIC.
+├┴╘
╒╙┴╟┼: % CAT [ FILELIST... ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: CAT IS USED TO DISPLAY THE NAMED TEXT FILES (USE 'OD' TO DISPLAY
BINARY FILES). ╔F AN OUTPUT REDIRECTION IS SPECIFIED, CAT CAN BE USED TO
COMBINE (CONCATENATE) MULTIPLE FILES (EX. CAT FILE1 FILE2 >FILE3 COMBINES
FILE1 AND FILE2 AND WRITES THE RESULT TO FILE3). ╔F NO INPUT FILE IS SPECIFIED
(I.E. CAT >FILE1), CAT CAN BE USED AS SIMPLE LINE EDITOR (IT WILL CREATE FILE1
AND TAKE ITS CONTENTS FROM THE STANDARD INPUT. (├╘╥╠-─ TO QUIT))
╬╧╘┼: CAT IS A COMMAND EXTERNAL TO THE SHELL (I.E. A SEPARATE PROGRAM THAT
MUST BE LOADED BY THE SHELL), AND FOR THIS REASON IT IS SUGGESTED THAT 'MORE'
SHOULD BE USED FOR DISPLAYING ONE OR MORE FILES. ╙EE ═╧╥┼.
+├─
╒╙┴╟┼: % CD [ DIR ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ├HANGE THE SHELL'S WORKING DIRECTORY TO DIRECTORY DIR. ╘HE
FOLLOWING HAVE SPECIAL MEANING TO CD:
'CD ▐' OR 'CD' CHANGES TO YOUR HOME DIRECTORY.
'CD /' CHANGES TO THE ROOT DIRECTORY
'CD .' CHANGES TO THE CURRENT DIRECTORY (USELESS, BUT COMPATIBLE).
'CD ..' CHANGES TO THE CURRENT DIRECTORY'S PARENT (GO UP 1 DIR)
+├─╬
╒╙┴╟┼: % CDN (CURRENT DEVICE) (NEW DEVICE)
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ├HANGE THE CURRENT DRIVE'S DEVICE NUMBER TO THE SPECIFIED NUMBER.
╘HIS COMMAND PHYSICALLY CHANGES THE DRIVE'S NUMBER, BUT THIS NEW DEVICE
NUMBER IS OVERRIDDEN WHEN COMMANDS SUCH AS ─╒ PERFORM A DRIVE RESET TO CHECK
THE DISK DEVICE TYPE. ╒NIX NORMALLY EXPECTS HARD-WIRED DEVICE NUMBERS. ╙EE
─┼╓.
+├╚─╔╥
╒╙┴╟┼: % CHDIR [ DIR ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ├╚─╔╥ IS IDENTICAL TO THE ├─ COMMAND. ╙EE ├─.
+├╚═╧─
╒╙┴╟┼: % CHMOD [ P1 ] [ P2 ] [ FILENAME ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ├HANGE THE PERMISSIONS MODE OF A FILE. P1 ARE THE PERMISSIONS FOR
THE OWNER OF THE FILE, AND P2 ARE THE PERMISSIONS FOR THE WORLD (OTHER USERS).
╘HE PERMISSIONS FIELD MAY BE EITHER R (READ ONLY), W (WRITE ONLY), RW (READ
AND WRITE), OR - (NO PERMISSION GRANTED). CHMOD TAKES A SINGLE FILENAME AS AN
ARGUMENT. ╒NIX 128 V3.10 PROVIDES A MINIMAL AMOUNT OF FILE SECURITY- ALTHOUGH
A FILE MIGHT BE UNREADABLE UNDER ╒NIX, IT CAN EASILY BE READ DIRECTLY OFF THE
DISKETTE. ╬╧╘┼: PROTECTIONS ARE IGNORED FOR USERS WITH 'SUPER-USER'
PRIVELEGE. ╟IVE OUT THIS PRIVELEGE LEVEL CAREFULLY.
+├╠┼┴╥
╒╙┴╟┼: % CLEAR
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ├LEARS THE VIDEO DISPLAY SCREEN.
+├═╨
╒╙┴╟┼: % CMP (-T OR -B) [ FILE1 ] [ FILE2 ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╥EAD TWO FILES AND SHOW THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THEM LINE BY LINE.
╘HE OPTIONAL -T SPECIFIES A TEXT COMPARISION, AND -B SPECIFIES A BINARY
(BYTE BY BYTE) COMPARISION. -T IS THE DEFAULT.
+├╧╠╧╥
╒╙┴╟┼: % COLOR [ CHARACTER COLOR ] [ BACKGROUND COLOR ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╙ET THE CHARACTER AND BACKGROUND COLOR. ├OLOR MUST BE BETWEEN 1
AND 16.
+├╧══┴╬─╙
╒╙┴╟┼: % COMMANDS
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╙HOW THE COMMANDS SUPPORTED BY THIS VERSION OF ╒NIX 128.
+├╧═╨╥┼╙╙
╒╙┴╟┼: % COMPRESS ( -V ) [ FILELIST... ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ┴PPLY RUN-LENGTH ENCODING TO THE NAMED FILES. ╘HIS SERVES TO
DECREASE THE AMOUNT OF SPACE NEEDED TO STORE A FILE, ASSUMING THERE IS A
SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF REDUNDANCY IN THE FILE. ╘HE -V OPTION TURNS ON VERBOSE
MODE, WHICH TELLS HOW MUCH COMPRESSION (AS A FUNCTION OF THE FILE'S ORIGINAL
SIZE) WAS ACHIEVED. ╙EE ╒╬├╧═╨╥┼╙╙ AND ┌├┴╘.
+├╨
╒╙┴╟┼: % CP (-I) [ FILELIST... ] OR % CP -╞
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ├╨ IS THE COPY COMMAND. -I (INTERACTIVE), IF SPECIFIED, WILL CAUSE
CP TO GIVE A PROMPT BEFORE OVERWRITING FILES. CP CAN PERFORM ONE OF FOUR
FUNCTIONS:
CP DIR1 DIR2 COPIES ALL OF DIRECTORY DIR1 TO DIR2
CP FILELIST... DIRNAME COPIES THE FILES NAMED TO THE NAMED DIRECTORY
CP FILE1 FILE2 MAKE A COPY OF FILE1 CALLED FILE2
CP -╞ COPY THE WHOLE FILESYSTEM USING TWO DRIVES. ╘HIS
REQUIRES THAT THE FILESYSTEM IS UP-TO-DATE
(% FSCK FIRST).
+─┴╘┼
╒╙┴╟┼: % DATE OR % DATE [ YYMMDDHHMMSS ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╙HOW THE CURRENT DATE AND TIME. ╫HEN THE 'YYMMDDHHMMSS' IS GIVEN,
─┴╘┼ WILL SET THE DATE (YEAR-MONTH-DAY) AND THE TIME (HOUR-MINUTE-SECOND).
┼X.: DATE 890408030250 WILL SET THE DATE TO 04-08-89 AND THE TIME TO 3:02:50.
+─├
╒╙┴╟┼: % DC (EXPR)
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ─ESKTOP CALCULATOR. ╘HIS IS A REVERSE POLISH NOTATION ENGINE SIMILAR
TO THE ╒NIX DC, WITH A STANDARD (INFIX) NOTATION INTERFACE SIMILAR TO 'BC.'
╔F NO EXPRESSION IS GIVEN, DC IS ENTERED IN INTERACTIVE MODE AND THE DC> PROMPT
IS GIVEN (TYPE '?' FOR HELP.) ╔F AN EXPRESSION IS GIVEN, DC WILL EVALUATE THAT
EXPRESSION AND RETURN THE SOLUTION TO THE STANDARD OUTPUT (% DC 3*2 WILL
PRINT '6') AND RETURN TO THE SHELL. ╘O EXIT INTERACTIVE MODE, TYPE 'EXIT'.
+──
╒╙┴╟┼: % DD (CONVTYPE) [ (╔╞=)FILE1 ] [ (╧╞=)FILE2 ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╥EADS THE INPUT FILE, CONVERTS TEXT CHARACTERS ACCORDING TO THE
CONVTYPE, AND COPIES TO THE OUTPUT FILE. ╘HE VALID (CONVTYPE)S ARE:
-LCASE (-L) CONVERTS THE INPUT FILE TO LOWER CASE
-UCASE (-U) CONVERTS THE INPUT FILE TO UPPER CASE
-SCASE (-S) SWAPS CASES (╚ELLO -> H┼╠╠╧)
+─┼╠┼╘┼
╒╙┴╟┼: % DELETE [ FILE ] [ DIR ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ─ELETE A FILE FROM A SPECIFIED DIRECTORY, BUT NOT FROM THE DISKETTE.
╨ERFORMING 'FSCK' WILL REPLACE ANY FILES REMOVED BY DELETE.
+─┼╥╧╞╞
╒╙┴╟┼: % DEROFF [ FILE ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: DEROFF REMOVES THE NROFF FORMATTING CONSTRUCTS FROM NROFF SOURCE
FILES. ╔T REMOVES ANY \NN MACROS, AND ANY LINE BEGINNING WITH A PERIOD (.).
DEROFF WRITES THE FILE WITH THE EXTENSION '.TXT' (EXAMPLE- FILE.TXT).
╙EE ╬╥╧╞╞.
+─┼╓
╒╙┴╟┼: % DEV
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ├HANGE THE DEVICES ASSOCIATED WITH INPUT/OUTPUT. ┘OU CAN ALTER:
-INPUT DEVICE: ╒SUALLY 0, THE KEYBOARD- WHERE ANY INPUT COMES FROM.
-OUTPUT DEVICE: ╒SUALLY 3, THE CONSOLE SCREEN- WHERE OUTPUT IS PRINTED.
╘HIS DOES NOT ALTER HARDWARE DEVICE NUMBERS (SEE ├─╬), BUT IS USED TO REDIRECT
I/O. ╙EE ALSO ┼╪╘.
+─╞
╒╙┴╟┼: % DF
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ─ISPLAY FREE AND USED DISK SPACE.
+─╔╞╞
╒╙┴╟┼: % DIFF (-T OR -B) [ FILE1 ] [ FILE2 ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╙HOW THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN TWO FILES. -T SPECIFIES A TEXT
COMPARISION, AND -B SPECIFIES A BINARY COMPARISION. -T IS THE DEFAULT.
+─╔╥
╒╙┴╟┼: % DIR ( N )
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ─╔╥ WILL SHOW THE ├┬═ DISK DIRECTORY, AS IF THE 'DIRECTORY' OR
'CATALOG' COMMANDS WERE ISSUED FROM ┬┴╙╔├. ╧PTIONALLY, THE DEVICE NUMBER
N (N=8-30) MAY BE SPECIFIED. ╘HE FIRST DEVICE IN THE PATH IS THE DEFAULT.
+─╧╙
╒╙┴╟┼: % DOS
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ┼NTER THE ─╧╙ SHELL EMULATOR. ╘HIS IS A COMMAND INTERPRETER ONLY; IT
CANNOT READ NOR EXECUTE ═╙-─╧╙ FILES.
+─╒
╒╙┴╟┼: % DU
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╙HOW CURRENT DISK USAGE STATISTICS AND INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT
DISK DEVICE.
+┼├╚╧
╒╙┴╟┼: % ECHO [ LIST ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╘HE WORDS IN LIST ARE WRITTEN TO THE SHELL'S STANDARD OUTPUT,
SEPARATED BY ╙╨┴├┼ CHARACTERS. ┼CHO IS USEFUL IN SCRIPTS.
+┼═┴├╙
╒╙┴╟┼: % EMACS ( FILENAME )
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ┼NTER THE ADVANCED TEXT EDITOR. ├╘╥╠-H WILL LIST THE FEATURES OF
THIS WATERED-DOWN VERSION OF THE MAINFRAME EMACS TEXT EDITOR. ╔F A FILENAME IS
GIVEN, EMACS WILL ATTEMPT TO LOAD THAT FILE INTO MEMORY. ╙EE THE 'INTRO'
DOCUMENT FOR MORE INFORMATION.
+┼╥╥╧╥
╒╙┴╟┼: % ERROR [ N ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╥ETURNS INFORMATION ABOUT A SPECIFIED ERROR NUMBER, BOTH AS A ─╧╙
ERROR AND A ├╨╒ ERROR.
+┼╪╘
╒╙┴╟┼: % EXT
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╙ET ╒NIX TO RUN AS A MULTI-USER SYSTEM, USING THE MODEM AS THE INPUT/
OUTPUT DEVICE. ╘HE 'LOGIN:' SECURITY SYSTEM IS USED. *╨LEASE* NOTE THAT THIS
SYSTEM IS LARGELY UNTESTED AND PROBABLY BUGGY :).
+╞╔╠┼
╒╙┴╟┼: % FILE [ FILENAME ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╙HOW THE FILE TYPE (╨RG, ╙EQ, ─IR, ╒SR, OR ╥EL) OF A FILE.
+╞╔╬─
╒╙┴╟┼: % FIND [ FILE ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╙EARCHES THE DISK FOR FILE AND SHOWS THE CORRECT DIRECTORY PATH
(/.../FILE) TO THAT FILE.
+╞╠╒╙╚
╒╙┴╟┼: % FLUSH
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╞╠╒╙╚ WILL SEND THE REMAINING OUTPUT FROM A BACKGROUND PRINT TO THE
PRINTER WITHOUT WAIT (MAKES THE PRINTING THE FIRST PRIORITY). ╙EE ╠╨╥═.
+╞═╘
╒╙┴╟┼: % FMT [ FILELIST... ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ─ISPLAY A TEXT FILE ON THE STANDARD OUTPUT. ╙EE CAT.
+╞╧╧╘
╒╙┴╟┼: % FOOT -[N] [ FILELIST... ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ─ISPLAY THE LAST N LINES OF THE SPECIFIED FILES.
+╞╙├╦
╒╙┴╟┼: % FSCK ( DEVICE )
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: FSCK STANDS FOR FILESYSTEM CONSISTENCY CHECK- IT COPIES THE DISK
DIRECTORY TO THE ROOT DIRECTORY (MINUS FILES THAT EXIST IN SUBDIRECTORIES), AND
THEN CHECKS ALL THE SUBDIRECTORIES FOR FILES THAT NO LONGER EXIST ON THE DISK.
╔F THE DISK DRIVE DEVICE NUMBER ISN'T SPECIFIED, THE FIRST DRIVE IN THE PATH
IS USED.
+╞╘╨
╒╙┴╟┼: % FTP (NUMBER) OR FTP -SERVER
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: FTP IS USED FOR INTER-SITE FILE TRANSFERS BETWEEN TWO ╒NIX 128
SYSTEMS. ╘HERE ARE TWO MODES:
1. FTP (NUMBER) ENTERS THE REMOTE TERMINAL MODE. ╔F A PHONE NUMBER IS GIVEN,
FTP WILL DIAL IT AND ATTEMPT TO CONNECT.
2. FTP -S ENTERS SERVER MODE, WHICH WILL ALLOW OTHERS TO DIAL YOUR SYSTEM.
╙EE THE '╔NTRODUCTION TO FTP' SECTION OF 'INTRO' FOR MORE INFORMATION. ┴LSO,
YOU CAN TYPE '?' FOR HELP WHILE USING FTP.
+╟╥┼╨
╒╙┴╟┼: % GREP (-VIN) [ PATTERN ] [ FILELIST... ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╙EARCH A FILE(S) FOR A STRING PATTERN. ╘HE OPTIONS ARE:
-V INVERT THE SEARCH AND SHOW ONLY LINES THAT DON'T MATCH
-I IGNORE THE CASE OF LETTERS (I.E. UPPERCASE=LOWERCASE)
-N PRECEDE EACH LINE WITH ITS RELATIVE LINE NUMBER IN THE FILE
+╚┼┴─
╒╙┴╟┼: % HEAD [ -N ] [ FILELIST... ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ─ISPLAY THE FIRST N LINES OF THE SPECIFIED FILES.
+╚╔╙╘╧╥┘
╒╙┴╟┼: % HISTORY [ -R ] [ N ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ─ISPLAY THE HISTORY LIST; IF N IS GIVEN, DISPLAY ONLY THE N MOST
RECENT EVENTS. -R REVERSES THE ORDER OF PRINTOUT TO BE MOST RECENT FIRST
RATHER THAN OLDEST FIRST. ╬╧╘┼: ╒╨├╒╥╙╧╥/─╧╫╬├╒╥╙╧╥ WILL STEP THROUGH THE
COMPLETE HISTORY LIST, ALLOWING RECALL AND MODIFICATION OF OLD COMMANDS.
+╚╟╥┼╨
╒╙┴╟┼: % HGREP [ PATTERN ] [ FILE ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╙EARCH FILE FOR A STRING PATTERN. ╚╟╥┼╨ DISPLAYS THE FILE AS IT
SEARCHES, AND HIGHLIGHTS IN REVERSE VIDEO THE PATTERNS FOUND.
+╔╧╙╘┴╘
╒╙┴╟┼: % IOSTAT
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╙HOW THE DISK ERROR CHANNEL.
+╩╧┬╙
╒╙┴╟┼: % JOBS
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╙HOW THE BACKGROUND JOBS RUNNING.
+╦╔╠╠
╒╙┴╟┼: % KILL ( %N )
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╦ILL PROCESS N. ╦╔╠╠ ALONE STOPS THE CURRENT PROCESS. ╒SE IN
CONJUNCTION WITH ╨╙. KILL %1 (THE LOGIN) WILL GENERALLY LOG YOU OFF THE
SYSTEM. ╙EE ╨╙.
+╠┼┴╓┼
╒╙┴╟┼: % LEAVE
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╙ET THE ALARM CLOCK.
+╠╬
╒╙┴╟┼: % LN [ DIRECTORY ] [ LINKNAME ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: LN CREATES A SOFT SYMBOLIC LINK TO A DIRECTORY. ┴N EXAMPLE OF A
SYMBOLIC LINK IS THE DIRECTORY ENTRY "..", WHICH IS A LINK TO THE PARENT OF
THE CURRENT DIRECTORY. ╠INKS APPEAR IN THE DIRECTORY AS '(L) LINK DIR' OR
'LINK DIR@' DEPENDING ON THE LS OPTIONS. ╠INKS MAY BE USED WITH 'CD', BUT
NOT AS A LINK TO FILES.
+╠╧├╦
╒╙┴╟┼: % LOCK [ FILELIST... ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╠OCK ONE OR MORE FILES TO PREVENT ACCIDENTAL ERASURE. ╠OCKED FILES
APPEAR IN ├┬═ DIRECTORIES WITH A < FOLLOWING THEIR FILETYPE (EXAMPLE: ╨╥╟< ).
╙EE ╒╬╠╧├╦.
+╠╧╟╧╒╘
╒╙┴╟┼: % LOGOUT OR % LOGOFF OR ├╘╥╠-─
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╘ERMINATE A LOGIN SHELL. ╔F ╒NIX IS RUNNING AS A MULTI-USER SYSTEM,
CONTROL WILL RETURN TO THE 'LOGIN:' PROMPT. ╧THERWISE, CONTROL WILL RETURN TO
┬┴╙╔├. ╔F YOU LOG OUT PREMATURELY AND WISH TO RESTART THE PROGRAM, TYPE
'╥╒╬ "╥┼┬╧╧╘"' FROM ┬┴╙╔├.
+╠╨╤
╒╙┴╟┼: % LPQ
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╙HOW THE FILES QUEUED FOR BACKGROUND PRINTING.
+╠╨╥
╒╙┴╟┼: % LPR (-N) [ FILELIST... ] (&)
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╨RINT A FILE, OPTIONALLY SPECIFYING THE WIDTH AT WHICH TO PRINT (N).
╔F THE TRAILING & IS INCLUDED, THE FILE WILL BE PRINTED IN THE BACKGROUND WHEN
THE SYSTEM IS IDLE. ╬OTE: ╞ILES PRINTED IN THE BACKGROUND CAN BE QUEUED, BUT
FILES PRINTED IN THE FOREGROUND CANNOT. ╙EE ╞╠╒╙╚, ╠╨╥═, ╠╨╤, ╥┼╙╘┴╥╘.
+╠╨╥═
╒╙┴╟┼: % LPRM
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ─UMP THE PRINTER QUEUE (STOP BACKGROUND PRINTING), WITHOUT PRINTING
THE REST OF THE CURRENT JOB. ╙EE ╞╠╒╙╚, ╥┼╙╘┴╥╘.
+╠╨╘┼╙╘
╒╙┴╟┼: % LPTEST
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╨RINTS A STANDARD ┴╙├╔╔ RIPPLE PATTERN TO THE STANDARD OUTPUT DEVICE
(SO TO ACTUALLY TEST THE PRINTER, DO LPTEST⌐LPR)
+╠╙
╒╙┴╟┼: % LS ( -ADF╞LOSR ) ( DIR )
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╠IST THE CONTENTS OF THE SPECIFIED DIRECTORY, OR THE CURRENT
DIRECTORY IF NONE IS SPECIFIED. ╘HE QUALIFIERS ARE:
-A ╙HOW ALL FILES (NORMALLY FILES STARTING WITH '.' ARE NOT SHOWN)
-D ╙HOW DIRECTORIES ONLY
-F ╙HOW FILES ONLY
-S ╙HOW SIZE OF FILES IN ╦B.
-╞ ═ARK DIRECTORIES WITH A TRAILING SLASH (/), PROGRAM FILES WITH A TRAILING
ASTERISK (*), AND SYMBOLIC LINKS WITH A TRAILING AT-SIGN (@).
-L ╨RINT IN LONG FORM (FILETYPE PERMISSIONS OWNER FILENAME SIZE(BYTES))
-O ╧RDER (ALPHABETICALLY SORT) THE DIRECTORY
-R ╙HOW ALL DIRECTORIES ON THE FILESYSTEM (MUST BE THE LAST OPTION SPECIFIED.)
+═┴╔╠
╒╙┴╟┼: % MAIL OR % MAIL [ USERNAME ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ┼NTERS THE MAIL UTILITY, MAINLY FOR USE UNDER THE MULTI-USER SYSTEM.
╔F A USERNAME IS SPECIFIED, 'MAIL' WILL PROMPT FOR A MESSAGE TO SEND TO THAT
USER. ╔F NO ARGUMENT IS GIVEN, MAIL ALLOWS YOU TO READ THE MAIL IN YOUR .MBOX
INTERACTIVELY. ╘HE FEATURES OF THE MAILER CAN BE LISTED BY TYPING '?' AT THE
MAILER PROMPT (&).
+═┴╬
╒╙┴╟┼: % MAN (-K) [ COMMAND NAME ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╙HOW THE MANUAL ENTRY FOR A GIVEN COMMAND. ╘HE -K OPTION ALLOWS
KEYWORD SEARCHING OF THE ENTIRE MANUAL, AND WILL REPORT THE COMMAND NAME AND
LINE ON WHICH THE KEYWORD MATCH OCCURRED. ╙EE ┬╥╧╫╙┼.
═ANUAL ENTRIES:
╒╙┴╟┼: ╘HIS IS WHAT YOU TYPE AT THE SHELL PROMPT (%). ╧F COURSE, YOU
DON'T TYPE THE '%'. ┴NYTHING IN [ BRACKETS ] IS A REQUIRED PARAMETER, AND
ANYTHING IN ( PARENTHESES ) IS AN OPTIONAL PARAMETER.
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╘HIS EXPLAINS (SUCCINCTLY) WHAT THE COMMAND ACCOMPLISHES, AND
REFERS YOU TO RELATED COMMANDS (SUCH AS ╙EE FOO).
+═┴┌┼
╒╙┴╟┼: % MAZE (MAZE LENGTH)
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: MAZE WILL DRAW AN 80 COLUMN WIDE MAZE ON THE STANDARD OUTPUT. ╘HE
DEFAULT LENGTH IS 10, BUT CAN BE AS LARGE AS 39.
+═┼╬╒
╒╙┴╟┼: % MENU OR [┴╠╘] KEY OR JOYSTICK/MOUSE BUTTON
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╔NVOKES THE USER-DEFINABLE MENU. ╔N THE .LOGIN YOU MAY INCLUDE UP
TO 15 LINES DESCRIBING MENU OPERATIONS. ╘HE .LOGIN SYNTAX IS
'MENU TITLESTRING\COMMAND\COMMAND2...' WHERE TITLESTRING IS THE <16 CHARACTER
LINE THAT APPEARS IN THE MENU, FOLLOWED BY A BACKSLASH AND THE COMMAND OR
COMMANDS (SEPARATED BY MORE BACKSLASHES) TO INVOKE. ╞OR EXAMPLE, TO CLEAR THE
SCREEN AND SHOW THE ERROR CHANNEL: MENU --DO ME--\CLEAR\IOSTAT. ╘O EXIT
WITHOUT DOING ANYTHING, USE THE COMMAND 'NOP' (EX: MENU --╤UIT--\NOP). ┘OU CAN
USE THE CURSOR KEYS AND ╥┼╘╒╥╬, OR A JOYSTICK TO CYCLE THROUGH AND SELECT MENU
ITEMS.
+═╦─╔╥
╒╙┴╟┼: % MKDIR [ DIR ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ├REATE A NEW SUBDIRECTORY CALLED 'DIRNAME', WHOSE PARENT IS THE
CURRENT DIRECTORY. ╙EE RMDIR.
+═╧╥┼
╒╙┴╟┼: % MORE [ FILELIST... ]
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╨AGE THROUGH A TEXT FILE ONE SCREENFULL AT A TIME. ┴T THE --═╧╥┼--
PROMPT, 'Q' WILL QUIT, AND [╙╨┴├┼] WILL CONTINUE.
+═╓
╒╙┴╟┼: % MV [ FILE1 ] ( [ FILE2 ] OR [ DIR ] )
╙┘╬╧╨╙╔╙: ╔F GIVEN TWO VALID FILENAMES, MV WILL RENAME FILE1 TO FILE2. ╔F THE
SECOND PARAMETER IS A DIRECTORY, MV WILL DELETE FILE1 FROM THE CURRENT
DIRECTORY AND MOVE IT INTO THE NAMED DIRECTORY.